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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication Medicines are a great option to manage anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists are trained extensively in the use of drugs and are able to make the right prescriptions to minimize side effects. Treatment for anxiety disorders is typically three-pronged, including therapy, medication and exercise. SSRIs are the first choice to treat anxiety, but they can take up to a week for them to work. SSRIs The majority of anxiety disorders are treated with SSRIs. The latest SSRIs have more favorable adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs). A variety of SSRIs are FDA-approved to treat generalized anxiety disorder. These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil) sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa). These drugs boost serotonin levels in the brain and may also aid in the increase of norepinephrine levels and BDNF. They can be used alone or in conjunction with psychotherapy. SSRIs can have adverse effects, such as stomach and nausea However, these tend to improve as the body gets used to the medication. The precise mechanism of the SSRIs' effect on anxiety is not well known. However, it is believed that they block the reuptake of serotonin by the post-synaptic nerve and increase the amount of serotonin in the synaptic gap. This enhances the signaling across the synapses, which in turn reduces anxiety symptoms. SSRIs can help reduce anxiety and the intensity of panic attacks. They can also help with depression and other mental health disorders that are often associated with anxiety disorders. They can be utilized in conjunction with psychotherapy and other types of cognitive behavior therapy, which can increase their effectiveness. SSRIs aren't addictive unlike other antidepressants. However, it is crucial to follow the prescriptions of your doctor exactly. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it can cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back. If SSRIs aren't for you, your doctor could try a different class of antidepressants, like mirtazapine or nefazodone. These medications are also effective, but carry more risk of having adverse effects than the more recent SSRIs. SSRIs can interact with certain foods, such as eggs, red meat, dairy, and some vegetables and fruits. If you are taking these drugs, it is a good idea to stay clear of these foods. In addition it is recommended to avoid drinking alcohol when taking SSRIs as it may increase the severity of some adverse reactions. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines improve the calming effect of certain chemical substances within the nervous system and brain. They enhance the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acids (GABA) which is a chemical that inhibits nerve activity. These drugs are effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other mental disorders. They can be addictive, and should only be used for short periods under medical supervision. Benzos may be harmful when taken recreationally or in combination with other substances such as alcohol. If someone suffers from anxiety disorders, they usually look to medication as the first option. However, this is not the only option. Psychotherapy, or talk therapy, has been shown to help reduce anxiety-related symptoms. There are Iam Psychiatry that can aid however the most well-known and effective one is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This type of psychotherapy teaches you how to change your thoughts and behaviors to make you less anxious as much. Alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, clorazepate and quazepam are the most popular benzodiazepines. Each one has its own set of side effects, but they all have similar properties in pharmacology. Clorazepate, for instance, is more effective in treating seizure disorders compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam on the other hand, is superior at treating anxiety disorders compared to the quazepam. While benzodiazepines are efficient, they aren't advised for long-term use due to the fact that they can trigger physical dependence and tolerance. They can also trigger withdrawal symptoms, like a heart pounding shaking, sweating, and shaking if you abruptly stop taking them. The symptoms can be unpleasant and last for several weeks. However they can be slowed down when you reduce the medication gradually. Benzodiazepines are extremely addictive and should be taken only for a short time – usually no more than 4 weeks. You should be monitoring your blood pressure, heart rate and your breathing during this time so that you don't have an extreme reaction. If you're thinking about getting a benzodiazepine prescription, talk to your doctor about your history of using substances. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a type of medication that can help to treat anxiety symptoms. These medications prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors in your nervous system. This is a way to stop the hormone from triggering physical reactions like heart tremors or palpitations. These drugs are commonly used to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular conditions however they can be prescribed off-label in the case of anxiety. If you are stressed, your body releases a chemical dubbed Adrenaline. This chemical signals your body to prepare itself for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds beta receptors found in the brain and heart, causing your heart to beat more quickly and causing other physical reactions. Beta-blockers, which are a class of medications that treat hypertension and other heart conditions they work by preventing the action of adrenaline on its binding which can help reduce the heart rate and blood pressure. Beta-blockers work quickly, unlike SSRIs or benzodiazepines, which require weeks or even months to show a difference in symptoms. This makes them an excellent choice for those who require immediate relief from their anxiety for instance, those who have to give a speech in public or take planes. In addition, they are a good choice for people who suffer from anxiety and a chronic heart issue like atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure. Beta-blockers can reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety but they do not address the root causes. They are therefore only prescribed as part of an overall treatment plan that incorporates lifestyle adjustments and counseling. However, they can be a useful option for people who have tried other anti-anxiety medications and have not found them to be effective or cause unacceptable side effects. Propranolol and atenolol as well as other beta-blockers are available. Your doctor will decide which beta-blocker is right for you, based on your medical history and health condition. Taking these medications can have side effects, such as fatigue or low blood pressure It is therefore important to discuss your treatment options with your doctor. MAOIs Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were created in the 1950s as an antidepressant, work for a variety of anxiety and depression disorders. They aren't as widely used as SSRIs and other antidepressants because of the strict dietary restrictions that are required and the potential for drug interactions. Certain MAOIs are available in tablet form and can be taken orally, while others (such Emsam) are applied as a transdermal skin patch. MAOIs block the action of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine as well as serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters play a role in sleep, mood appetite, sexual function. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety properties. However they are more likely to cause side effects than TCAs and SSRIs and are accompanied by boxed warnings for suicide. Your doctor may prescribe other medications or treatments to manage your symptoms in addition to the MAOIs below. For instance, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is often prescribed to ease the physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may suggest relaxation techniques or other home remedies to help ease your symptoms. Iproniazid was the first MAOI discovered in 1952 during research on tuberculosis. It was soon discovered to have mood-elevating qualities and is regarded as the first antidepressant medication. Generally, MAOIs are only employed when other antidepressants fail to work, as they may cause serious adverse reactions that require immediate medical attention. It can cause a dangerous reaction that results in high blood pressure if you take an MAOI while eating foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is present in a wide variety of cheeses and red meats as well as in fish, shellfish and some dietary supplement. The symptoms of this serious reaction include a throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting, and fast heart rate. MAOIs can also interact with other drugs and cause extreme side effects, such as suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Before prescribing MAOIs, your physician will discuss with you what foods you should avoid. He or she will advise you to avoid eating foods that contain tyramine if you are taking the medication. He or she may also give you the list of foods that is safe to eat when taking MAOIs. The food guide provided will help prevent MAOI-related side effects.